Hmm.. well, not sure what you thought was going to happen? You got the happiest ending possible given what was at stake..
But seriously to answer your questions:
A) Was it resolved? As well as it could have been.. The Avengers have been split into two teams. The Rogers team are basically criminals.
B) The Accords: are standing law, and that's very likely why you saw Cap give up his shield. He's in Wakanda, so they'll make him a new one out of vibranium (allowing him to be a LOT more powerful).
C) Avengers are split up.. Iron Man runs "The Avengers," and Captain America will run the "Secret Avengers." He's also very likely not "Captain America" any more.
It's not something that can be neatly tied up. The Marvel Civil War, and what follows, changes the Marvel Universe. It's one of Marvel's better moments, but they took it too far, IMHO. In the film, they are FAR more reserved (too reserved, IMHO).
Iron Man, in the comics, is essentially a villain. It's hard to see him any other way. In the movie, that is not the case, and he redeems himself rather quickly.
They never wanted to fight each other. And Stark's issue isn't with Cap; he didn't appreciate the truth being hidden, but he's not going to arrest/kill/detain Steve Rogers for protecting Winter Soldier. Although he very likely would have killed the Winter Soldier had he known and Cap not intervened.
Hmm, that's a good point, and I can understand why one might feel that way.
Personally, I'm glad they didn't spend an abundance of time on his story. As I said previously, since both he and Spidey have films coming out, I'd have preferred if their screentime was reversed.
But
@D-Wreck makes an excellent point that I had forgotten, in that, Spidey was a very late addition to the film and wasn't originally supposed to be included. So I appreciate Marvel giving us that, and don't feel anywhere near as bad as I did before.
Not that you care.. SINCE YOU HATE SPIDER-MAN!!