But doesnt this just strengthen (the concept of) "race" towards another direction?
Not really. Race is a class structure; this is why it's called a "construct," because race isn't biological, it's a means of categorizing people into artificial and most importantly
arbitrary groupings.
Americans are building a history of their own collective culture. "Races" are mixing.
What does "race" mixing even mean in this context though?
Aesthetic genes, and all other genes biologists are saying are a result mainly of atmosphere and geolocation will subsequently mix. Doesnt this create a new "race" as we currently believe is a social construct?
Not really, Dave.
I'm the a perfect example as to why this doesn't really work.
So, my ethnic background is that I'm equal parts White and Black, more Native American than both, and 50% Egyptian (which is a conversation in itself within Egypt given the degree to which you've had Arab migration).
In my life, I have never been considered "White;" I have very very rarely been considered Native American (only by Native Americans in a specific setting with distant relatives, and only when accompanied by my mother); I grew up being classified as "Black" and thus I now "self-identify" as "Black;" and prior to 9/11, no one really cared about my majority Egyptian ancestry which is now considered universally to be "Arab" descent.
So again... "race" is just a construct of what society deems it to be at a given moment. You're attempt to find causation between genes and race, and really it has more to do with history and cultural classifications of those various "aesthetic" genes that you've mentioned (i.e., color of skin, eyes, hair type, etc).
I understand that races are a concept and a resut of migration.
I think you're confusing ethnicity and "race" here. Just FWIW...
But doesnt that leavr us with actual genetic and cultural differences all the same? And how are we not throwinf out the theory of evolution and heredity by saying there are no biological elements whatsoever to "race"?
Believe me, we're not throwing out evolution; we're embracing it. Scientifically, race has no genetic foundation.
You are most definitely confusing "race" and ethnicity.
What we have found, since completing the Human Genome Project, is that race doesn't exist within the human genome. There is not one single racial genetic variant that defines a "race" of people. Not one. Across three billion base pairs of DNA; not one. You can certainly have unique ethnic traits, but ethnicities are FAR FAR FAR more complex and diverse than race. There are hundreds and hundreds of distinct ethnicities on either Africa, Europe or Asia. And when those ethnicities mix, which they've always done, you get a new mixing of genetic traits that continues on.
When you begin to understand how complex real
genetic inheritance actually is, you begin to understand why this conversation cannot be had using the term "race." It's.... not just an oversimplification. It's an argument that has no scientific foundation.
Researching steroids years ago was when i came across a stat that said black youths have 13% more testosterone. Thats acaedmic research. And a significant difference.
Dave, I think you'd definitely agree that coming across a "stat" while engaging in bro-science is not exactly the same thing as understanding and intellectually digesting a sociological study, right? You'd agree with that first and foremost correct? So with that said, you'd also agree that there may be some misunderstanding on your part as to the conclusions of such studies right?
So with that said.. I'm actually aware of the studies that you're referencing.. The part you're missing is that in all of the studies, genetics was not found to have causative association with the higher testosterone levels -- in fact, the author of one such series of studies (ranging over 20 years), suggests that Black "honor culture" that comes from the South in particular, is the primary driving force for higher testosterone -- and
not genetics.
This is self-evident in the results, wherein African-American women see no difference in testosterone levels than other races; and African-American males 20-29 and have gone to college are within 1 stdev of their White male college educated counterparts.
This means the strongest correlation here is environmental and not genetic. Here's a graph that sums this up rather succinctly:
Notice that young Blacks and Whites who are college-educated and the same age are both substantially lower than Blacks who have not gone to college? There is a dip for both with the critical point at 45 years of age, however the integral of these curves (if you plotted them as curves) would likely be nearly equivalent.
Mazur (author of most of the studies on this phenomena) suggests this has to do with Black male (Southern) culture as well as socioeconomic conditions; for the aforementioned reasons. This becomes undeniable when comparing Whites to Whites of different education levels, which implies different socioeconomic (environmental) factors are causative here ... not "race."
It's really rather fascinating... don't you think?
Ive heard other statistics cited in non political forum. Maturation rates of some "races" are younger than others.
I think you're referring to the phenomena that Latinos and Asiatic people "mature" faster than Blacks and Whites; which, again, comes from a misunderstanding of what the term "maturation" means in this case.
These measurements are done by analyzing bone structure in a comparative analysis against the Greulich and Pyle Atlas, which is a collection of bone measurements. The problem with the Atlas is that it was originally compiled using upper-class Caucasian children.
Numerous studies have shown that you can get close with this atlas for Whites and Blacks, but not close-enough for useful accuracy with Latinos and Asians.
Much is this is likely due to environment insomuch as it is to do with ethnicity. Remember, Latinos are a meta-ethnicity, not a "race." Asia is a place, not an ethnic group or a race of people.
There are biological fgenetic differences between men and women.
Of course, we have different chromosomes. This is a bit of a non-sequitur.
There are biological genetic similarities within families.
Umm.. of course.. Within families.
Why on earth wouldnt that continue to the concept of race, which is conceptually a vastly extended family?
So, at first I thought you were confusing race and ethnicity; then it became apparent that you were; and now it seems extremely overwhelming that this conversation is dominated by this confusion.
Race != Ethnicity.
Ethnicity != Family.
Let me explain why, going in order.
Race, again, is a social construct. It's not genetic. It's something that we as humans have assigned to arbitrary surface characteristics of people based on how they look and where they come from.
Ethnicity
can be genetic, depending upon the context. But it's more complex than most people understand. For example, an Asian-American might be Spanish-Filipino, a common "mix" of ethnicities. But what is "Filipino?" The Filipino people are a mix of many different surrounding ethnic groups including the Malay, the indigenous people of the Philippines (who came from somewhere as well), Indonesian, Chinese, etc. Some cultures are as transparent as this with various dialects that demarcate ethnic boundaries; whereas others, such as ethnic Japanese are far more opaque.
With that said however, as various ethnicities and ethnic groups from different
geographic regions intermix (in fact, geography has FAR more importance to genetics than ethnic association) they become largely genetically indistinguishable from each other -- with only their different cultures and languages as well some potential "aesthetic" differences remaining (which, yes, do have a minor genetic signature). (also, save this thought for a moment)
Family, on the other hand; is entirely different. This is a grouping of people with a common set of
ancestors. That's not what an ethnicity is. That is not what a race is. You and your siblings and cousins share immediate common ancestors. This is what "family" means.
So it is very important to understand that this is NOT what ethnicity or race mean.
If you have people who have been isolated from one another geographically, then genetic dissimilarity can become apparent, but that doesn't mean that two people within the same ethnicity won't share greater dissimilarity between each of them than they would with someone who is from another ethnicity... In fact, that's extremely common. This fact means that "ethnicity" and "family" are not the same thing, because you will always have more genetic similarity with your relatives than someone who is not related to you.
There are common ancestors for various regions, such as Europe, sub-Sahara Africa, the Middle East, etc. So there exists an ancestry of sorts; but this ancestry, after a certain number of generations, is no longer linear; becoming more "web-like" as generations go on and on. This in turn dilutes discrete, indentifiable genetic traits from any one common ancestor which means the concept of "family" essentially terminates after a certain point in healthy, genetically diverse populations (see: Europe)
..and just.. To look at a white person and then an asian person and say there arent at tge very least AESTHETIC biological differences is illogical to me.
Who is saying there aren't?
And it should go without saying, a European american white person who is a descendant of thomas jefferson and a chinese person with lineage tied to mao.
I'm not sure what you mean by this??? And not many Chinese have lineage tied to Mao...
Does it tie to other genetic differences that arent simply aesthetic?
Like?
It seems like that would make sense unless aesthetic genes are somehow different than non aesthetic genes.
Like what genes?