Reading up on the history of the Islamic movement from 400 c.e. until now, and the interactions with Western Christianity is an absolutely worthwhile pursuit. As a man of Western European descent, I can't help but feel ashamed for the majority of the Crusades period.
Well, if you were Muslim, you should feel the same about them during that period
For hundreds of years, uneducated, illiterate Europeans attempted to rid Islam from the Holy Land, which had universities and basically invented algebra at the time.
Aren't you sort of skipping a key part of the story...?
All of that land had been
Christian for
hundreds of years prior to the Muslim conquests. The Muslim conquests of the Holy Land didn't really start until the late 620's (not 400 - Muhammed wasn't even born until 570).
How is the Christian attempt to take those lands
back any less moral than the Muslim seizure of those lands
from Christians in the first place?
I don't think that the Crusades themselves indict Western Christendom any more than the conquests by Mohammed and the Rashidun Caliphate indicts Middle Eastern Muslims.
It should also be pointed out that the Muslim conquest didn't stop with the seizure of Syria, the Levant, Eqypt, North Africa, etc. etc.. The impetus for the First Crusade was a request by the Eastern Roman Emperor for help against the invading Muslim Turks, who gave their name to a land to which they were not native, and only conquered (eventually) by force.
They succeeded in the first Crusade due to the element of surprise and funded it by slaughtering Jews and Christian Armenians along the way for their wealth. The rest was a progressively worsening shit show that ceased around the Renaissance due to Western Europe becoming more educated.
Again, depicting the Muslims of that era as pacifistic people whose efforts to live in peace were thwarted by a bunch of invading, warlike Christians completely ignores the larger dynamic of continued, relentless Muslim conquest during that entire period. Muslims had invaded and conquered Christian Spain, and actually made it to
France before being repelled.
The western invading arm of Islam had been stopped in the 700's, but the rest of it was still trucking at the time of the Crusades. In fact, invading Muslims eventually conquered Turkey (wiping out many of the Christian natives in the process), and took Constantinople in 1453. Those were all
Christian lands.
In fact, the last Muslim thrust was only defeated in 1683 at
Vienna. That's more than a
thousand years of Islam attempting to conquer Christiandom, so singling out the Crusades as being proof that the Christians were the bad guys seems very selective to me.
Don't get me wrong - I'm not arguing in favor of refighting old grudges and who should own what. And I'm not saying that the Christians were the good guys and the Muslims bad.
I'm just saying that looking at the Crusades while ignoring the much broader trend of Muslim conquests creates a distorted historical picture.
If you really want to point to Christianity's most inexcusable excesses, it wasn't the Crusades to the Holy Land, but rather the various crusades against pagans and (especially) heretics outside the Holy Land. Those people presented little threat to anyone outside their own borders and were not part of a longer-term military struggle.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albigensian_Crusade